ethereum.gray_glacier.vm.instructions.block

Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) Block Instructions ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

.. contents:: Table of Contents :backlinks: none :local:

Introduction

Implementations of the EVM block instructions.

block_hash

Push the hash of one of the 256 most recent complete blocks onto the stack. The block number to hash is present at the top of the stack.

Parameters

evm : The current EVM frame.

def block_hash(​evm: Evm​) -> None:
23
    """
24
    Push the hash of one of the 256 most recent complete blocks onto the
25
    stack. The block number to hash is present at the top of the stack.
26
27
    Parameters
28
    ----------
29
    evm :
30
        The current EVM frame.
31
32
    """
33
    # STACK
34
    block_number = Uint(pop(evm.stack))
35
36
    # GAS
37
    charge_gas(evm, GAS_BLOCK_HASH)
38
39
    # OPERATION
40
    max_block_number = block_number + Uint(256)
41
    if evm.env.number <= block_number or evm.env.number > max_block_number:
42
        # Default hash to 0, if the block of interest is not yet on the chain
43
        # (including the block which has the current executing transaction),
44
        # or if the block's age is more than 256.
45
        hash = b"\x00"
46
    else:
47
        hash = evm.env.block_hashes[-(evm.env.number - block_number)]
48
49
    push(evm.stack, U256.from_be_bytes(hash))
50
51
    # PROGRAM COUNTER
52
    evm.pc += Uint(1)

coinbase

Push the current block's beneficiary address (address of the block miner) onto the stack.

Here the current block refers to the block in which the currently executing transaction/call resides.

Parameters

evm : The current EVM frame.

def coinbase(​evm: Evm​) -> None:
56
    """
57
    Push the current block's beneficiary address (address of the block miner)
58
    onto the stack.
59
60
    Here the current block refers to the block in which the currently
61
    executing transaction/call resides.
62
63
    Parameters
64
    ----------
65
    evm :
66
        The current EVM frame.
67
68
    """
69
    # STACK
70
    pass
71
72
    # GAS
73
    charge_gas(evm, GAS_BASE)
74
75
    # OPERATION
76
    push(evm.stack, U256.from_be_bytes(evm.env.coinbase))
77
78
    # PROGRAM COUNTER
79
    evm.pc += Uint(1)

timestamp

Push the current block's timestamp onto the stack. Here the timestamp being referred is actually the unix timestamp in seconds.

Here the current block refers to the block in which the currently executing transaction/call resides.

Parameters

evm : The current EVM frame.

def timestamp(​evm: Evm​) -> None:
83
    """
84
    Push the current block's timestamp onto the stack. Here the timestamp
85
    being referred is actually the unix timestamp in seconds.
86
87
    Here the current block refers to the block in which the currently
88
    executing transaction/call resides.
89
90
    Parameters
91
    ----------
92
    evm :
93
        The current EVM frame.
94
95
    """
96
    # STACK
97
    pass
98
99
    # GAS
100
    charge_gas(evm, GAS_BASE)
101
102
    # OPERATION
103
    push(evm.stack, evm.env.time)
104
105
    # PROGRAM COUNTER
106
    evm.pc += Uint(1)

number

Push the current block's number onto the stack.

Here the current block refers to the block in which the currently executing transaction/call resides.

Parameters

evm : The current EVM frame.

def number(​evm: Evm​) -> None:
110
    """
111
    Push the current block's number onto the stack.
112
113
    Here the current block refers to the block in which the currently
114
    executing transaction/call resides.
115
116
    Parameters
117
    ----------
118
    evm :
119
        The current EVM frame.
120
121
    """
122
    # STACK
123
    pass
124
125
    # GAS
126
    charge_gas(evm, GAS_BASE)
127
128
    # OPERATION
129
    push(evm.stack, U256(evm.env.number))
130
131
    # PROGRAM COUNTER
132
    evm.pc += Uint(1)

difficulty

Push the current block's difficulty onto the stack.

Here the current block refers to the block in which the currently executing transaction/call resides.

Parameters

evm : The current EVM frame.

def difficulty(​evm: Evm​) -> None:
136
    """
137
    Push the current block's difficulty onto the stack.
138
139
    Here the current block refers to the block in which the currently
140
    executing transaction/call resides.
141
142
    Parameters
143
    ----------
144
    evm :
145
        The current EVM frame.
146
147
    """
148
    # STACK
149
    pass
150
151
    # GAS
152
    charge_gas(evm, GAS_BASE)
153
154
    # OPERATION
155
    push(evm.stack, U256(evm.env.difficulty))
156
157
    # PROGRAM COUNTER
158
    evm.pc += Uint(1)

gas_limit

Push the current block's gas limit onto the stack.

Here the current block refers to the block in which the currently executing transaction/call resides.

Parameters

evm : The current EVM frame.

def gas_limit(​evm: Evm​) -> None:
162
    """
163
    Push the current block's gas limit onto the stack.
164
165
    Here the current block refers to the block in which the currently
166
    executing transaction/call resides.
167
168
    Parameters
169
    ----------
170
    evm :
171
        The current EVM frame.
172
173
    """
174
    # STACK
175
    pass
176
177
    # GAS
178
    charge_gas(evm, GAS_BASE)
179
180
    # OPERATION
181
    push(evm.stack, U256(evm.env.gas_limit))
182
183
    # PROGRAM COUNTER
184
    evm.pc += Uint(1)

chain_id

Push the chain id onto the stack.

Parameters

evm : The current EVM frame.

def chain_id(​evm: Evm​) -> None:
188
    """
189
    Push the chain id onto the stack.
190
191
    Parameters
192
    ----------
193
    evm :
194
        The current EVM frame.
195
196
    """
197
    # STACK
198
    pass
199
200
    # GAS
201
    charge_gas(evm, GAS_BASE)
202
203
    # OPERATION
204
    push(evm.stack, U256(evm.env.chain_id))
205
206
    # PROGRAM COUNTER
207
    evm.pc += Uint(1)